Fez

In the Ottoman epoch the Turkish fez (which was originally an ancient headdress of the Balkans and North Africa) spread around the entire empire and was a habitual hat for city dwellers. But after Kemal Ataturk started to promote European attire in Turkey - he used to say that the fez should be removed together with the hat - this hat was only preserved in Egypt and some Near East countries, where it became extinct in the mid-20th century. Egypt, 20th cent.